The atmosphere is a term used to describe the mixture of different gasses that surrounds Earth. These gases consist predominantly of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapour. Read more..

The biosphere is the term used to describe all of Earth’s living organism, and organic matter not yet decomposed. Earth is the only planet, we know that have an existence of biosphere, we have yet to find other planet’s that host life. Read more..

Chaos is a term used in a mathematical theory describing systems that are very sensitive to the way they are originally set up; small discrepancies in the initial conditions will lead to completely different outcomes when the system has been in operation for a while. Read more..

Geo-engineering is artificial modification of earth systems to counteract climate-change effects, such as increasing carbon dioxide uptake by fertilizing ocean surface waters or screening out sunlight with orbiting mirrors. Read more..

The geosphere is a term used to describe Earth’s solid matter, mostly composed of rock and secondly regolith ( particles that cover solid Earth) the Surface of Geosphere is where the energy that comes from outside meets energy from the Earth system. Read more..

The hydrosphere is a term that includes the total of Earth’s water resources such as lakes, oceans, streams, underground, surface water and finally snow and ice. The perennially frozen parts of the hydrosphere are collectively referred to as the cryosphere. Read more..

Thermodynamics is a term used to describe the set of natural laws that govern the transfer of energy from one body to another. Thermodynamics (comes from Greek “therme”, heat and dynamics, power) control behaviour of energy as it moves in and out of the Earth system, and among it’s reservoirs. Read more..